SCALING

Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper

Satoshi Nakamoto
Nov 2 2008

The Cryptography Mailing List

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Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper

Satoshi Nakamoto satoshi at vistomail.com
Sun Nov 2 20:37:43 EST 2008

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---

>Satoshi Nakamoto wrote:
>> I've been working on a new electronic cash system that's fully
>> peer-to-peer, with no trusted third party.
>> 
>> The paper is available at:
>> http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
>
>We very, very much need such a system, but the way I understand your 
>proposal, it does not seem to scale to the required size.
>
>For transferable proof of work tokens to have value, they must have 
>monetary value.  To have monetary value, they must be transferred within 
>a very large network - for example a file trading network akin to 
>bittorrent.
>
>To detect and reject a double spending event in a timely manner, one 
>must have most past transactions of the coins in the transaction, which, 
>  naively implemented, requires each peer to have most past 
>transactions, or most past transactions that occurred recently. If 
>hundreds of millions of people are doing transactions, that is a lot of 
>bandwidth - each must know all, or a substantial part thereof.
>

Long before the network gets anywhere near as large as that, it would be safe for users to use Simplified Payment Verification (section 8) to check for double spending, which only requires having the chain of block headers, or about 12KB per day. Only people trying to create new coins would need to run network nodes. At first, most users would run network nodes, but as the network grows beyond a certain point, it would be left more and more to specialists with server farms of specialized hardware. A server farm would only need to have one node on the network and the rest of the LAN connects with that one node.

The bandwidth might not be as prohibitive as you think. A typical transaction would be about 400 bytes (ECC is nicely compact). Each transaction has to be broadcast twice, so lets say 1KB per transaction. Visa processed 37 billion transactions in FY2008, or an average of 100 million transactions per day. That many transactions would take 100GB of bandwidth, or the size of 12 DVD or 2 HD quality movies, or about $18 worth of bandwidth at current prices.

If the network were to get that big, it would take several years, and by then, sending 2 HD movies over the Internet would probably not seem like a big deal.

Satoshi Nakamoto

https://www.metzdowd.com/pipermail/cryptography/2008-November/014815.html

 

 

 

Bitcoin WP Charles Sturt University

Bitcoin WP Charles Sturt University https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3440802